A saturated potassium permanganate solution (50 g l −1 KMnO 4, 0.05 g l −1 AgSO 4) and buffer solution (6 g l −1 Fe(NO 3) 3♹H 2O, 0.15 g l −1 AgNO 3, 500 ml l −1 glacial acetic acid, 5 g l −1 potassium acetate, 400 ml l −1 t-butyl alcohol) are mixed in a 2:1 ratio (by volume). The ADF (0.5–1.0 g) is placed in a tared Gooch crucible. The weight loss corresponds to the cellulose content.

The sample is dried at 100 ☌ for 8 h and weighed.

The crucible contents are contacted with room-temperature 72% sulfuric acid for 3 h and then thoroughly washed with hot water. The ADF prepared above is placed in a tared Gooch crucible containing an equal volume of asbestos as a filter aid. The cellulose content in ADF can be measured by two methods: (1) cellulose removal with acid or (2) lignin removal by oxidation. The residual acid detergent fiber (ADF) is dried at 100 ☌ and weighed. Then, the beaker contents are filtered through a tared Gooch crucible, washed with boiling water, acetone, and hexane (optional). Decahydronaphthalene (2 ml) is added, and the contents are slowly boiled for 1 h while the reflux condenser maintains a constant liquid volume in the beaker. The residue, called ‘ acid detergent fiber,’ contains cellulose, lignin, and insoluble minerals (mainly silica).Īir-dried plant material (1 g), ground to particles of less than 1 mm, is placed in a beaker with 100 ml of acid-detergent solution (49 g l −1 H 2SO 4, 20 g l −1 cetyl trimethylammonium bromide). The raw plant material is contacted with dilute acid and washed with solvents to remove starch, pectin, hemicellulose, fats, oils, protein, free sugars, and soluble minerals. Holtzapple, in Encyclopedia of Food Sciences and Nutrition (Second Edition), 2003 Van Soest procedure

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